The storage of organic chemicals requires the establishment of a full-chain safety system from environmental control to emergency response. Every measure is related to the safety of personnel and facilities and must be strictly regulated and implemented.
Environmental control prioritizes zoned storage. Class A flammable items (such as methanol, ether, etc.) must be stored in explosion-proof warehouses. The walls should be made of explosion-proof concrete, and the doors and windows should be equipped with explosion-proof devices. They should be kept at least 30 meters away from open flames. The warehouse should be ventilated at least 12 times per hour, and the humidity should be controlled between 40% and 60% to prevent moisture corrosion.
The choice of container needs to be adapted to the characteristics of the organic chemical. Strongly corrosive chemicals (such as formic acid) should be stored in polytetrafluoroethylene containers, and low flash point liquids (such as acetone) should be stored in sealed metal drums with flame arrestors. Polymerizable substances (such as styrene) need to have polymerization inhibitors added and their concentrations should be checked every quarter.
Identification management eliminates the risk of mixed storage. Each device should be labeled with GHS standard labels, indicating the name, hazard category, and emergency mode. Follow the "five distances" principle (top distance and lamp distance ≥ 50 cm, wall distance ≥ 30 cm, column distance and stack distance ≥ 10 cm), and the distance between oxidants and reductants should be no less than 5 meters.
The monitoring and protection system needs to be improved. Install combustible gas detectors (detecting 0-100% LEL, sensitivity 0.1% VOL) and connect them to the fire control room. Equip with explosion-proof emergency lights, and operators should wear anti-static clothing and acid and alkali resistant gloves, and use copper tools to prevent sparks.
Emergency response should be on standby regularly. Prepare solvent-resistant foam, dry powder fire extinguishers, etc. Set up leakage treatment pools and adsorption cotton (absorption capacity of 10-15 liters per square meter), neutralizers. Conduct drills once a month to ensure that the leakage is controlled within 3 minutes and the initial treatment is completed within 5 minutes.
Regular maintenance and training are essential. Inspect the facilities every six months and replace the corrosion-resistant sealing rings. Establish a classified account and follow the first-in, first-out principle. For perishable organic chemicals (such as peroxides), indicate the storage period and destroy them when they expire. Systematic measures can reduce risks by more than 90% and establish a solid safety defense line.
